There are many different kinds of microphones in the market, such as moving coil, capacitor, aluminum strip, sound pressure ( boundary type ), double stereo, ms, etc. Each type also has different pickup mode, different size diaphragm, frequency response change, sensitivity, self - noise, and the processing degree of noise, wind or blasting noise, different combinations will affect the transmission effect of microphone, each project can not be underestimated. Eight will use the simplest way to introduce your microphone, and try to find out!
Type of microphone
Basically, the microphone is a device that converts the " sound pressure level" into " current ". The " moving coil" and " capacitor" microphones are used by the public and are quite adequate for the production of the webcast programme, so we are introducing these two types of microphones:
Moving - coil microphones
Characteristic
Resistance to exercise, heavy, low voice sensitivity
Advantages
Moving coil microphones can be used without external power supplies, very convenient
The large vibration mode moving coil microphone is used in the indoor recording studio, all have very high quality effect
Disadvantages
Design rough
condenser microphone
Characteristic
High sensitivity, common in studio use, need to be used with phantom power use ( note )
Advantages
The output sound is loud and delicate
Disadvantages
Price is high.
It's easy to break down easily
Requires additional phantom power to operate ( run out of batteries faster ).
Annotations: phantom power is a common voltage of 12 to 48 v ( volts ), of which 48 v is the most common, and a mixer and recording interface is built in general.
The pattern and directivity of microphone
Pick - up mode
Another factor affecting the radio effect of the microphone is the " pickup mode ". Pickup mode refers to the combination of the direction and sensitivity of the microphone. Some microphones or capsule ( sound heads ) can switch pickup patterns and have more selectivity. Of course, these microphones are usually more expensive than a single mode microphone, so if you have budget constraints, you may have to choose.
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directivity
Heart - shaped point
The " directivity" in the microphone pickup mode refers to the sensitivity of the sound from different angles. The most common is the " cardio id" or " super point" ( hypercardioid ), the so-called single point microphone ( uni - directional ). It is only sensitive to sounds from the front, and sounds from other directions will be attenuated. However, even a single pointed microphone does not necessarily reject the sound outside the pickup mode completely.
Omnidirectional direction
Again, omni directional, the sensitivity of the sound from different angles, is the same, but not equal to the sound of close and distant sounds, or the difference between the tonic and the background sound, although it is easier to receive noise, but also provides a more true atmosphere.
Double pointing type
Finally, " dual - directional" ( bi - directional or figure - of - 8 ), which accepts sounds from the front and rear of the microphone. Its internal structure and the whole directivity are basically similar, can be used as a stereo sound recording method and other special purposes.
Three kinds of directional have different advantages, and the quality of the recording is not absolutely related, the end to see the needs of producers to make the choice.
The size of the vibration mode of the microphone
Finally, the effect of the radio is the size of the microphone vibration mode. The moving coil microphone and the capacitive microphone are radio through the diaphragm, and the effects are different in different sizes.
Large diaphragm microphones
The microphone of the large diaphragm is good for the low frequency response, which is due to the large area of the diaphragm, which is easy to generate resonance in the low frequency. Best suited to work in a controlled environment, like an indoor studio. It can be placed on the tripod and matched with a shock absorber and a pop - up filter with the best results.
Advantages
Provide rich, detailed sound, with higher sensitivity
Suitable for interviews, speeches and other occasions
Disadvantages
It is very sensitive to external noise and vibration
Additional foam or mesh spring damping devices are required
Small diaphragm microphones
Small diaphragm microphones can be used to deal with the louder source, less susceptible to low frequency and environmental noise. And unexpectedly has a large frequency range, especially at a higher frequency.
Advantages
Durable
It is not easy to be disturbed by low frequency and environmental noise
It is suitable for radio and recording studio
Disadvantages
Low sensitivity
Loud noise
